Why Yes Didn't Make the Rock n Roll Hall of Fame

The Rock n Roll Hall of Fame is about as popular with Yes fans as Ebenezer Scrooge is with Santa’s elves.  By any objective measure – album sales, influence on other artists, cultural impact, longevity, and body of work – Yes meets or exceeds the RHOF’s supposedly objective standards.

Unfortunately, the institution’s bias against progressive rock seems pretty undeniable at this stage.  The Moody Blues, Jethro Tull and King Crimson are routinely ignored.  Yet, the Moody’s The Days of Future Passed and Crimson’s In the Court of the Crimson King are unquestionable milestones in the history of rock, rivaling Sgt. Pepper’s in terms of influence.  Tull’s back catalogue contains multiple seminal works too.

Yes’ instrumental excellence – the classic line-up sported four virtuoso musicians – enduring career (the band continues to tour, albeit without the incomparable Jon Anderson), and sentimental appeal (the band received waves of support from fellow musicians and the music press following bassist Chris Squire’s passing) apparently counted for little.  Neither did the fact that Close to the Edge routinely polls at or near the top of any list of the greatest progressive albums of all time.  Put simply, CttE is to prog music what Citizen Kane is to cinema.

Speaking of which, Orson Welles’s cinematic classic failed to score with critics or audiences when it was first released.  I don’t doubt that Yes’s music will be vindicated by posterity too.  Unfortunately, the judges representing the RHOF are about as qualified to pass judgment on Yes’s as the celebrity panelists on American Idol would be to evaluate the music of Vivaldi.  There’s a reason Yes isn’t in the RHOF.  It has little to do with the band’s musical merits, and everything to do with the fact that mediocrity never acknowledges anything higher than itself.

Vote Yes Into the Rock N Roll Hall of Fame

I’ll never forget the first time I heard Yes.  The melancholic natural harmonics that emerged out of a backward piano chord seemed both antiquated and timeless.  Then there was that hypnotic bass riff that doubled back on itself – what a hook!  The cryptic lyrics delivered with surgical precision only upped the ante.  Then there were those neo-baroque keyboard fills and the exotic multi-layered percussion – these guys could play, they had a wide musical palette.  The music painted pictures, and my mind was a canvas.

I was not alone.  Roundabout was a song that raised the bar in rock music and inspired countless musicians.  The death of Chris Squire this summer was a blow to everyone who appreciated progressive rock, but it also was an occasion for an outpouring of admiration for the band’s immense influence in the musical world.

Yes fan know it.  Classics like Roundabout, Close to the Edge and Awaken will stand the test of time.  This is music with “structure and vision,” to quote the philosopher Bill Martin.  Audiences will probably be playing works like The Gates of Delirium or Ritual for centuries because this is music with artistry and depth.  These pieces speak to the human condition and invite new critical assessment and interpretation.

That is one reason Yes deserves to be inducted into the Rock N Roll Hall of Fame – they have created an enduring body of work with albums that have genuine musical merit.

By any of the other objective measures – record sales, influence, longevity – Yes more than fits the bill to be inducted.  But there’s a final sentimental reason Yes deserves the nod.  Put simply, it would be wonderful to see founding member Jon Anderson – the true voice of Yes – return to the fold, even if it’s just for an induction evening concert.  That’s why Yes fans should care.

Of course, being inducted will call attention to the music, introduce it to new fans and enhance the group’s legacy.  It may not happen, but it does matter.  Vote Yes.

Why Yes Deserves to be Inducted Into the Rock 'n' Roll Hall of Fame

The rock group Yes is once again up for induction into the Rock ‘n’ Roll Hall of Fame.  For many fans, the giants of progressive music require no such validation.  The high regard works like “Close to the Edge” have earned over the years is proof positive that their music will endure.  Indeed, a critic for the Times of London once speculated that Yes’ 70s epics were just the kind of timeless music that would interest audiences centuries from now.

That’s a pretty heady thought.  Mozart, Beethoven and Bach created music of great originality, passion and soul.  The structure of their music, the melodic inventiveness, harmonic complexity and intimation of a personal vision expressed in a musical language still speaks to us.  We still listen because their music carries echoes of their genius.

The same can be said, I would argue, for Yes’s finest efforts –  by that I mean “Close to the Edge,”  “The Gates of Delirium,” “Awaken,” and “Tales from Topographic Oceans.”  This is music brimming with ambition, artistry, imagination and instrumental virtuosity.

The legendary music executive, Ahmet Ertegun, once described Yes as a band that used sound to paint pictures.  This is a wonderful and apt description.  The palette they drew upon to express their sonic vision was equal to our innate thirst for authentic music pitched not at our wallets, but at our souls.  Yes music will speak to future ages because this is music that rewards repeated listening, stirs the imagination and reveals new marvels with each encounter.

I hope the Rock ‘n’ Roll Hall of Fame recognizes Yes’ musical excellence.  Perhaps beauty is in the ear of the beholder.  There an old Latin saying – de gustibus, non est disputandum (on matters of taste there can be no disputing).  Consequently, some argue that artistic merit can never be entirely objective because aesthetic standards are time-conditioned and subject to change.

Fashions change, of course, but some music seems to emerge from a deep reservoir of creativity.  Such music quenches our spirits, refreshes our imagination and replenishes our souls.   It is from such Topographic Oceans that we are brought Close to the Edge of life where we can Awaken to our highest potential.     

Yes "Heaven & Earth" . . . Yes in Limbo?

Yes is a band that has had more ups and down than an elevator operator.   However, since their 70’s heyday, and brief resurgence in the early 80’s, Yes has released a string of albums that have left many Yes fans heading to used-CD shops to trade in their copies of “Union “ and “Open Your Eyes” for grass (I mean gas) money.   “Fly From Here,” released in 2011, hinted at the kind of cohesiveness, vitality, and sense of adventure that Yes conjured up so effortlessly in days past.  However, the absence of the inimitable Jon Anderson on that record left many die-hard Yes fans feeling more disgruntled than Judge Judy.  Nevertheless, for most critics and fans “FFH” was viewed as a return to form.

Yes’ follow-up, “Heaven & Earth” is proving to be a much more controversial affair.  Some reviews have been so caustic that I fully expected the new Yes material might sound like an acapella duet featuring Ted Nugent and Yoko Ono.  Mercifully, the new music sounds better than it really is.

Yes used to make music with “structure and vision,” to borrow a phrase from the philosopher Bill Martin.  They created epics like “Close to the Edge,” a four piece movement (“Tales From Topographic Oceans,”) and multi-part suites like “And You and I.”  Scholars and music aficionados commended Yes for “painting pictures with sound,” utilizing the sonata form, and for being pioneers in using rock instruments to create an orchestral impact.

The guiding force behind this brash, visionary, and musical artistry was that Napoleon of music, Jon Anderson.  Yes contained many important elements, but it was Anderson who steered the band towards its most ambitious, unified, and genuinely aesthetic creations, works like “Close to the Edge,”  “The Gates of Delirium,” “Tales From Topographic Oceans,” and “Awaken.”  Not since 1977 has the band created a true masterpiece.

In 1980, Anderson departed Yes and was replaced -- to the horror of most Yes fans -- by the one-hit pop wonder, Trevor Horn.  Horn’s true talent would lie as a producer, not a front man, but the resulting “Drama” album turned out to be a cohesive, adventuresome, and musically impressive affair.  To be sure, Anderson’s absence hovered over the album like a ghost.  But in retrospect Trevor Horn (and band mate Geoff Downes) supplied some much need spunk after the lackluster “Tormato” from 1978.

Fast forward to 2011.  Following a mixture of illness and acrimony, Jon Anderson finds himself replaced by the Buggles once again.  This time, Horn is in the producer’s chair.  The intent is to salvage a few demo songs that never made it onto “Drama” and expand them to epic proportions.  The result is “Fly From Here,” with a multi-suite title track that is refreshing and nostalgic all at the same time.  Newcomer Benoit David is in fact largely replicating material originally performed by Horn, but as the new lead singer of Yes he is encroaching on territory once staked out by Jon Anderson.  Despite a beautiful voice and a strong performance on “FFH,” Beniot David was viewed by many die-hard Yes fans as a vocal lightweight whose talents were probably best suited for a Broadway touring company making the rounds in dinner theatres throughout the Catskills.

Benoit David left the band following vocal difficulties and was subsequently replaced by yet another tribute singer, Jon Davison.  Davison has deservedly earned high marks for capably handling vocal duties with Yes on tour.  However, reaction to the new album, “Heaven & Earth,” has ranged from lukewarm support to scathing contempt.  Without a doubt, the direction charted by the latest configuration of Yes can best be described as progressive pop.   The album begins, promisingly enough, with the upbeat, catchy, and narcoleptically melodic “Believe Again.”  Davison, makes a strong entrance and sounds great paired with Chris Squire on backing vocals.  The song meanders, but there is a nifty instrumental interlude with Geoff Downes on keyboards channeling his inner Rick Wakeman.  Like many songs on “Heaven & Earth,” “Believe Again” sounds familiar, unchallenging, but appealingly quirky.  Indeed, the feeling throughout the album is laidback, but there are fleeting moments of inspiration too.

“Heaven & Earth” is not the mind-expanding and soul-stirring Yes music of yore.   However, the songs are accessible and melodic; imagine the Phil Collins era Genesis on Xanax and you’ll have an idea of what I mean.  Jon Anderson had a gift for crafting melodies that encapsulate contradictory emotions; think of the hopeful, but mournful Soon.  Davison has a melodic gift too, but his melodies are all bubbly and soothing whereas Anderson’s melodies can touch us to the core.  Still, I find myself liking and enjoying the new material, probably for the same reason I enjoy an old-timers game at the ballpark.

If there is one element consistently missing from “Heaven & Earth” it is friction.  The music is cheery and optimistic, but there is very little edge or tension.   The signature elements that constitute Yes music break through and shine from time to time, most notably Steve Howe’s fretwork.  But most of the time this configuration of Yes adds up to less than the sum of its parts.  Nevertheless, there is some good music to be found on “Heaven & Earth.”  In particular, I find “Subway Walls” to be one of the more interesting and rewarding tracks.  Geoff Downes ignites some sparks with a slow-combustion keyboard solo that leads into some haunting fretwork from maestro Howe.  Not quite the kinetic outburst of yesteryear Yes.  No, Yes doesn’t achieve the heavenly heights this time out, but the music is not exactly mundane either.

Yes -- "Heaven & Earth" Reviewed. "Is it the end of Yes?

Yes, like the London Symphony Orchestra, is an institution with a revolving line-up.  Nevertheless, some members, notably Jon Anderson, have made such an indelible impression that is hard to think of Yes as existing without him.   No matter the strengths of “Fly From Here,” or “Drama” for that matter, the absence of Anderson hovers over any project involving the remaining elements of Yes.  Put simply, his voice, lyrical approach, and artistic vision elevated Yes’ best music to a level no other configuration of the band has come close to matching.

“Heaven & Earth” is the second album in row from the band going by the name of “Yes,” which doesn’t feature the inimitable Anderson.   Squire & company’s decision to head in a decidedly popish direction isn’t likely to endear the album with a certain segment of die-hard fans, who understandably long for something grand, ambitious, and genuinely aesthetic.  Nevertheless, “Heaven & Earth” is an album suffused with the signature Yes sound, many inspiring moments, and some outstanding instrumental passages.  True, some of the tunes have a simplistic sing-song quality, but I find the music consistently veers off in interesting directions.  “In a World of Our Own” is Beatleseque, Howe’s upbeat “It Was All We Know” seems reminiscent of the band America, and the intro to “Subway Walls” has a faux-classical sound one might expect from ELO.  This is music that feels familiar, not challenging, but the music often defies expectations too.

“Subway Walls” is probably the most progressive track on the album.  The tune features a slowly-smoldering keyboard solo from Geoff, which leads into a haunting guitar passage from Howe.   The pace seems deliberately low-key, compared to previous Yes outbursts.  But it is effective nevertheless.  The same can be said for the album as a whole.  “Heaven & Earth” is pop sprinkled with progressive touches.  Yes-light, perhaps, but “Heaven & Earth” is hardly the end of the world – or Yes, for that matter – that some musical prophets have proclaimed.

Yes -- "In a World of Our Own" Reviewed

For almost forty years, Yes has been a band living in the shadow of its golden days.  During this time, Yes fans have hoped, mostly in vain, that the group could rekindle the musical magic they achieved in their 70’s heyday.  There have been bright spots along the way – the surprising spunk and cohesiveness of the underrated “Drama” album, the fresh accessibility of “90125,” and the revitalized energy of “Fly From Here” – and more than a few cloudy spots too (think “Tormato,” Big Generator,” and “Open Your Eyes”).

Even before its official release, the latest Yes album, “Heaven & Earth,” appears to be engendering hostility and contempt among critics and self-proclaimed die-hard fans.  To my mind, most of the online reviews I’ve read have lacked real wit, insight, or even the faintest pretense of objectivity.  I’ve just heard one new song from the album, “In a World of Our Own,” which I find to be a catchy, melodic, and enjoyable listen.   The song is popish in a Beatlesque kind of way with a nice groove and some stylish fretwork from the inimitable Steve Howe.  Nothing earth shattering, but hardly deserving the heaps scorn it has received from some quarters.

It understandable that some fans feel disappointed that Yes has failed to create another classic album.  The two songs I’ve heard thus far, “Believe Again” and “In a World of Our Own” lack the structure and vision of Yes’ best music.  Jon Davison has a sweet and appealing voice, but he lacks the soul and vision of the one-of-a-kind Anderson.   There is little point in comparing “Believe Again” and “In a World of Our Own” to songs like “Roundabout” and “And You and I.”  The latter is music made by a band pushing the envelope; the former is music made by a band playing it safe.  Nevertheless, I would much rather listen to “Believe Again” and “In a World of Our Own” than endure some of the more caustic reviews I've read. 

Yes - "Believe Again" Reviewed

Yes is like the mythological ship of Theseus, which is replaced plank by plank, but seemingly remains the same vessel.  Today, Yes fans are divided over the question whether Yes remains Yes without the visionary lyricist and vocalist, the inimitable Jon Anderson.

If an Platonic realm exists, then surely Jon Anderson, Chris Squire, Rick Wakeman, Steve Howe, and Bill Bruford, the quintet that created the band’s two most seminal works -- “Fragile” and “Close to the Edge”  --  constitute the eternal essence of Yesness.  But wait, doesn’t that leave out drummer Alan White, who has been a fixture in the band for more than forty years?  After all, White belongs in elite company too (and his contribution to “Relayer,” “Going for the One,” and “Tales from Topographic Oceans” is arguably just as important to Yes’ legacy as his predecessor Bill Bruford’s was).
 

The ship of Theseus remains an unsettled paradox.  And so the situation remains with Yes.  None of Anderson’s replacements have met – yet alone exceeded – the artistic standards he set.  Nevertheless, the “Drama” album is musically cohesive and rewarding and Trevor Horn does a decent job on vocals.  Likewise, “Fly From Here” lacks the gravitas of Yes’ best work, but the band sounds fresh, inspired, and full of life.  Moreover, and the album has a thematic unity not seen since Yes’ heyday in the 70’s.  Oh yeah, the much maligned Benoit David does a fine job singing on a record that happens to be one of Yes’ best efforts in decades.

Jon Davison is the latest plank in the Yes ship.  He has deservedly earned kudos for faithfully, capably, and reliably recreating Yes’ best works live on stage.  Now, Yes is set to release its first new album with Davison at the vocal helm.  “Believe Again” is the first taste of the new music and direction the band is charting.  It is a pleasant, uplifting, and accessible song with occasional flashes of inspiration.  There’s a beautiful intro, a nifty musical interlude, and some nice textural keyboard work from Geoff Downes, who sounds like he’s channeling Rick Wakeman.   Davison makes a strong vocal entry and sounds great paired up with Chris Squire.  But the structure, vision, and edge Anderson provided Yes’ best music is missing.  As a result, “Believe Again” meanders and Yes end up sounding like a more accomplished version of REO Speedwagon.  Still, I find the song growing on me and I find it more productive to enjoy the song than engage in futile debates about which line-up is the “real” Yes.  Yes, Jon Anderson was the best vocalist Yes ever had and probably ever will have.  But Yes is like a snake that sheds its skin so as to renew itself. 

Jon Anderson at BB Kings (A Review)

Jon Anderson has a voice as pure and fresh as a blue sky on a cloudless day.  His celestial high notes, cosmic lyrical concerns, and inimitable sincerity make him a one-of-a-kind singer in rock and roll.   If there is a Platonic realm, with an ideal version of Yes, then surely Jon Anderson is the front man of that archetypal progressive band.

In our fallen world, however, the Yes saga continues with a couple of singers other than Anderson.  Jon Davison has managed to earn respect and appreciation of most Yes fans for his earnest, reliable, and impressive turn as a stand in for Jon Anderson, but there is no doubt that the revamped Yes is missing something without Anderson’s signature sound.

As it happens, Yes and Anderson virtually crossed paths in the first week of April.  Yes was the Borgata in Atlantic City, New Jersey April 4^th while Jon played at BB King’s Bar and Grill in New Your City the following night.  I had an opportunity to enjoy both shows.

Yes, wrapping up their “three classic albums tour,” was crisp, energetic, and formidable.  Jon Davison had an ease in his upper-register and is deservedly winning accolades for his emotional fidelity to Yes’ music.  Keyboardist Geoff Downes also hit the mark with a diligent performance, particularly on “Awaken,” and “A Venture.”  Steve Howe, Alan White, and Chris Squire were in excellent form too.

But Jon Anderson left an even more indelible impression.  Playing before a packed audience, Anderson wove Yes music, songs from Jon and Vangelis, tunes from his solo career, along with personal anecdotes and humorous asides, into a cohesive whole that was a feast for the soul.  Jon may have muffed a few acoustic guitar riffs, but vocally he sounded peerless.

Yes at the Borgata (a Review)

It has been thirty years since Yes’ golden age, an era during which they produced classics records such as “The Yes Album,” “Close to the Edge,” and “Going for the One.”  Since that time, the band has weathered commercial ups and downs, line-up changes, and the loss of Jon Anderson, a lead singer with a signature voice, visionary lyrics, and esoteric conceptual ambitions.

Anderson’s unique voice and artistic vision helped make Yes a complete anomaly in rock; a spiritual force that was more about musical excellence, mind-expansion, and cosmic ideas than chart-topping success.  Anderson and Yes split ways several years ago, but the band has continued to tour and record without him.

In 2013 and early 2014, a revamped Yes, led by Jon Davison, embarked on an ambitious tour, playing three of their most iconic albums – “The Yes Album,” “Close to the Edge,” and “Going for the One”-- in their entirety.  The tour concept has proven popular with audiences and a good fit for the band itself, which has sounded precise and energized.  Yes’ final performance featuring this set list was at the Borgata in Atlantic City, New Jersey.

Wrapping up the “three album tour,” Yes performed as well as they have in ages.  Jon Davision’s effortless high notes, angelic voice, and hippie demeanor easily conjures up memories of Jon Anderson.  Anderson has an inimitable voice, but Davison clearly sounds comfortable in the vocal stratosphere that so much Yes music demands.  Keyboardist Geoff Downes is fitting into the Yes mix as well.  Downes joined Yes in 1980, replacing the illustrious Rick Wakeman, in what then appeared to be a one-time effort (the vastly underrated “Drama” album and the subsequent tour).  On this night, Downes' keyboard fills in the coda of the rarely-played “A Venture” proved to be a highlight of the evening.  The remaining members of Yes (Steve Howe, Chris Squire, and Alan White) met or exceeded their customary high standards.  In short, the “three album” tour came to a fitting conclusion at the Borgata.  Yes turned in a solid performance of their best music before an enthusiastic audience.  There are ample reasons to believe this lineup will continue to remain a force to be reckoned with.

Free e-book: Yes and Philosophy -- Available Aug 3rd 2013

To help celebrate Yestival on August 3rd 2013 I will be offering all Yes fans a free copy of my e-book "Yes and Philosophy."  To get your free copy you can visit the Amazon website and download the book at no charge on Sat Aug 3rd.  I would ask anyone who enjoys the book to please consider writing a review for the Amazon site.   Thank you, and I hope you enjoy the book.

To see a sample essay please scroll below to "Roundabout: Metaphysics Set to Music."

Link to  book at Amazon (US): Yes and Philosophy

P.S:  Heck, while I'm at it I'm going to make my e-book Socrates in Cyberspace available for free August 3rd.  If you are interested in philosophy of mind then you may want to check it out.  Again, if you enjoy the book I hope you'll consider writing a review for Amazon. 

Roundabout: Metaphysics Set to Music

Forty years ago, the song Roundabout, hit the radio airwaves like a hurricane.  Most rock fans had never heard anything like it before.  Guitarist Steve Howe’s melancholic guitar intro sounded like something Segovia might play, but the classical style prologue was just the beginning of music that seemed space-age and baroque all at the same time. 

Roundabout, however, really blasted off with the introduction of Chris Squire’s phase-delayed bass, a mesmerizing riff that seemed to double back upon itself, like a snake eating its own tail.  Squire played the bass, a traditional back-up instrument, as if it was a lead instrument.  But this was hardly the only element that made the music in Roundabout stand out.  Drummer Bill Bruford’s exotic style owed more to jazz than rock and his percussion was multi-layered by engineer extraordinaire Eddie Offord to hypnotic effect.  And then there was the classically-trained Rick Wakeman contributing florid keyboard runs on a newfangled instrument known as the synthesizer.  Topping everything off was vocalist Jon Anderson, an alto-tenor who often sounded more like a choirboy than a traditional rock singer.  Anderson’s cryptic lyrics and otherworldly vocals imbued Roundabout with a mystic dimension.  Roundabout was the first taste most listeners had of the British progressive rock group known as Yes.

Roundabout raised the bar in rock music.  The musicians that composed Yes were regarded by fans and critics as virtuosos, the highest quality instrumentalists the rock genre had produced at the time.  Roundabout was infused with classical elements, but the song really rocked.  Yes it seemed, were pioneers of a new movement known as progressive rock.  With albums like Fragile, Close to the Edge, and Tales from Topographic Oceans, Yes were among the earliest and most successful groups to use rock instruments to create works of an orchestral length and style.

The visionary head of Atlantic records, the late Amhet Ertegun, once described Yes as a group that painted pictures with sounds.  This is a wonderfully paradoxical notion, but one that captures the mysterious ability of music to conjure up imagery and tap into the imagination.   Classical composers have long harnessed the power of music to represent natural phenomenon and emotional states, but until Yes few rock groups had a rich enough instrumental palette to conjure up such vivid and complex soundscapes.
 

Yes music is pitched to the auditory and visual imagination, but it is also capable of tapping into the abstract and/or philosophical imagination.  Schopenhauer once wrote that “Music is an unconscious exercise in metaphysics, in which the mind does not know it is philosophizing.”  This is a rather astounding thought.  Schopenhauer believed that music was the most authentic and immediate manifestation of the Will, the primal life-force that underlies our phenomenal reality.   In other words, Schopenhauer believed that it is through music that the conscious subject can encounter the mysterious and fundamental energies that underlie all existence.  No wonder Schopenhauer’s spiritual student, Nietzsche, claimed that life would be a mistake without music.

Roundabout is music that has the potential to plug listeners into a cosmic and philosophical state of mind.  It is music rich and enigmatic enough to reward repeated listening and serious analysis.  What exactly is a roundabout?  Anderson claims the lyrics were inspired by a traffic roundabout he encountered on the way to the recording studio, but a literal interpretation of such an evocative and imagistic song need not steer us in such a pedestrian direction, if you’ll forgive the pun.

The novelist Umberto Eco once identified what he called the “poetic effect,” which refers to a quality in texts and works of art that allow them to continue “to generate different readings, without ever being completely consumed.”  The lyrics and music of Roundabout exemplify the poetic effect.

In my view, there is a lot going on in the song to suggest that the term “roundabout” refers to a cosmic process symbolized by the mythical Uroboros, the snake that consumes its own tail.  The Uroboros, of course, is one of the most potent images in the mythic imagination.  Artwork and jewelry depicting the Uroboros date to earliest antiquity.  Descriptions of the Uroboros appear in the Egyptian Book of the Dead, Plato’s philosophy, and in the Hindu Upanishads.  The Uroboros was a frequently used motif in alchemy; the Swiss psychologist Carl Jung believed the Uroboros symbolically represented the psyche; and the chemist Kekule dreamt of a snake eating its own tail shortly before discovering that the structure of the benzene molecule resembled the Uroboros!  In short, the Uroboros is one of the most fundamental and far-reaching image/ideas in the history of humankind.

Yes fans, of course, are familiar with the Uroboros motif.  To begin with, artist Roger Dean’s famous Yes logo implicitly feeds into itself just as the mythical Uroboros does.  You can see this most explicitly with Dean’s Yes logo on the inner booklet of their latest album, Fly From Here, where the Yes logo is depicted as a snake twisting back upon itself.  But the motif actually crops up a lot in Yes’ work.  For instance, as philosopher Bill Martin notes in his  “Music of Yes: Structure and Vision in Progressive Rock,” Chris Squire’s phase-delayed bass in Roundabout seems to double back on itself, like a snake eating it own tail.  Furthermore, Roundabout is a song that explicitly comes full circle: the ending recapitulates the same acoustic guitar motif that song began with.

What is the philosophical significance of the Uroboros motif?  To begin with, The Uroboros motif seems to represent a central truth about the cosmos:  namely, that life feeds off itself.  The Uroboros devours itself, but in doing so it nourishes itself.  The Uroboros slays itself, but it is reborn in the process.  All mortal beings perish, but their lives feed the process of life.  The wheel of life spins eternally.  Yes actually explored this theme in an early song called Survival, but motif is developed with much greater poetic sophistication in Roundabout.

There is an even deeper way of looking at the Uroboros motif.  Scientists tell us that our Universe began with the Big Bang.  Prior to the Big Bang, time and space presumably did not yet exist.  There was only nothingness.  How can something (the universe) come out of nothingness?  The ancient Greeks believed nothing could come out of nothing.  The idea that the universe arose out of nothingness sounds like a paradox, if not a contradiction, but perhaps we can resolve this paradox by thinking in terms of no-thing-ness (i.e., no things).  At the Big Bang, all that existed was what scientists have called a quantum singularity.  Out of this uniform and entirely undifferentiated state (no-thing-ness) the entire cosmos was born.

Following the Big Bang, matter was formed.  As the universe cooled, sub-atomic particles began to form molecules.  Later, molecules arranged themselves into inorganic compounds.  Still later, simple self-replicating organisms such as bacteria emerged.  After this, single-celled organisms came onto the scene.  Soon, multi-cellular organism evolved.  Today, a highly complex multi-celled organism known as homo sapiens is able to trace the evolutionary path of a universe that has given birth to self-aware creatures capable of investigating their own evolutionary path and origins.  In other words, the path from the Big Bang to consciousness investigating the Big Bang is very much like the snake that twists back to bite its own tail.  As Anderson sings: 

I’ll be the Roundabout

The words will make you out and out.

The Princeton physicist John Wheeler would have appreciated this point of view.  Wheeler advocated something called the Anthropic Principle.  In its strongest from, the Anthropic Principle holds that sentient creatures are necessary for the universe to fully exist.  After all, as Wheeler puts it, “what good would the universe be if no one existed to observer it?  Wheeler’s outlook is shaped by the strange implications of quantum mechanics; particularly the notion that subatomic “particles” can exist in an indefinite state, until they are observed.  In other words, consciousness may be necessary to collapse the wave function of quantum level particles.  That is, Wheeler believed that the relationship between the quantum realm and consciousness was, in his own words, like “a smoky dragon biting its tail.” 

The Anthropic Principle is hard for many scientists to digest because it puts consciousness back at the center of creation.  If the Anthropic Principle is correct, then the emergence of sentient creatures is not just some fluke in an entirely random process of evolution.  Instead, the potential for sentience has been woven into the fabric of the universe all along; that is, sentience is something the universe aims at, even if the route it takes to get there is undetermined and even random.

The Uroboros and the Anthropic Principle would appear to imply a teleological view of nature.  That is, the Universe aims at something; most plausibly self-understanding.  That is, the Universe has evolved creatures capable of representing to cosmos to itself.  As Schelling put it, “we are the eyes and ears of the universe.”  If this view is correct, then consciousness is not a fluke, but an inextricable thread woven into the fabric of the universe.  Anderson echoes this view; in his solo DVD, A Tour of the Universe, Anderson insists that the purpose of life is to seek out the source of our creation.  This is a mystical outlook, no doubt, but it is a view that is in accord with many mystically inclined philosophers such as Pythagoras, Plato, and Schelling, to name a few.

The song Roundabout is a musical journey that travels full circle.  In the end, Roundabout revisits and recapitulates the acoustic guitar motif the song began with.   Musically, the song seems capture the same theme expressed in T.S. Eliot’s famous lines: 

We shall not cease from our exploration
And the end of all our exploring
Will be to arrive where we started
And know the place for the first time

Roundabout is music that takes listeners on a journey.  The song raised the bar in rock music by demonstrating that rock musicians could aspire to create serious music with an orchestral impact.  In particular, Yes’ exceptional ability to paint pictures with sound and create a rich sonic landscape listeners can explore and ponder is on full display here.  But Roundabout is not just a musical tour de force; it is also song that kindles the philosophical imagination.  This is not to say that Yes deliberately set out to express philosophical ideas.  Rather, as Schopenhauer noted, music can be an unconscious exercise in metaphysics.  Roundabout is not jut symphonic rock, it metaphysics set to music.

Scott O’Reilly is a freelance writer.  He is the author of Yes and Philosophy: The Spiritual and Philosophical Dimensions of Yes Music.  To learn more about Yes and Philosophy and my other books you can visit my author page at:  http://www.amazon.com/Scott-OReilly/e/B007C7POK0/ref=ntt_athr_dp_pel_pop_1  Contact:( neuroscott@aol.com)

Yes -- In The Present Live from Lyons Review

2008 began as a promising year for Yes. The classic-lineup was planning a world tour to celebrate the band’s 40th anniversary and hopes were high that new studio material might be forthcoming. Instead, lead singer Jon Anderson faced a series of life-threatening illnesses and keyboardist Rick Wakeman (facing health restrictions of his own) bowed out of the tour. Suddenly, Anderson and Wakeman, two signature elements in the Yes sound, were unavailable.

Jon and Rick really are irreplaceable, but the remaining core of Yes made the controversial decision to soldier on with two new members. Benoit David, a Canadian singer in a Yes tribute band was asked to step into Jon’s shoes and Oliver Wakeman, Rick’s son, was handed his father’s old cape so to speak. For old guard fans, the newest configuration of Yes had morphed into a tribute band.

It is hardly surprising that the Benoit configuration of Yes has taken its share of hits from many long-term fans of Yes. What is surprising is that the Benoit era is proving to be something of a scrappy success. Since 2008, Yes has released, Fly from Here, the group’s best studio album in ages, and In the Present: Live from Lyon, which features a well-chosen set list, great sound, and feisty performances.

Benoit is a singer who can sound enough like Anderson to make you temporarily forget that you are not hearing the real thing. Benoit has a good voice, probably better suited to Broadway than rock, but his voice lacks the magic ease Jon has with high notes. On In the Present, Benoit does occasionally show signs of strain in his higher register, but he does a respectable job, and then some, performing Yes classics like Heart of the Sunrise, And You and I and Starship Trooper. Sonically and artistically, the version of Roundabout on the In the Present is one of the best I’ve heard live.

Newcomers Benoit and Oliver are at their best, however, in Machine Messiah, a track from the vastly underrated Drama album. The original version featuring Trevor Horn who had replaced Jon Anderson on vocals, had not been performed live since 1980. The live performance here is something of a revelation as the instrumental interplay between the band members and the strength of Benoit’s vocals exceed the high levels of the studio version.

Southside of the Sky works well too, though the musical chemistry between Oliver and Steve in the climatic instrumental battle does not quite match the musical rapport Steve has displayed with Rick in the past. Nevertheless, In the Present provides a snapshot of cohesive band that can still generate musical sparks. True, the tempos of these songs are slower than in yesteryear, but the music sounds spacious and mostly fresh. Steve Howe is particularly inventive throughout. For instance, I especially like his referencing a lick from Pacific Haze in the rarely performed Astral Traveler, a song which demonstrates some of the blistering energy of old and a concise and musically engaging drum solo by Alan White. Steve’s acoustic solo, Corkscrew, is a tasteful gem.

Finally, the bonus DVD of In the Present Live contains a worthwhile 52 minute documentary on the band, which includes full video performances of Roundabout and Machine Messiah. Sonically and visually these tracks show Yes in fine form.

Jon Anderson - Cage of Freedom

The1980s were a very creative and successful time for Jon Anderson. Yes’ 90125 was a blockbuster hit, Jon & Vangelis were garnering commercial and critical acclaim, and Jon’s solo career was in full swing with popular albums like Animation, 3 Ships and In the City of Angels.

In 1984, Jon found time to contribute the song Cage of Freedom to the soundtrack for Georgio Morodor’s Metropololis Redux. The film is a restoration version of the 1926 silent sci-fi classic directed by the legendary Fritz Lang, but with music provided by popular performers from the 1980s, including Freddy Mercury, Adam Ant, and Bonnie Tyler.
Metropolis remains one of the most visually impressive, influential, and thought provoking films in cinematic history. Its central theme, egregious social and economic inequality, is as pertinent today as ever. As the philosopher Plato noted, there is nothing more tragic than a city divided against itself, where one half of the population live in luxury, but where the other half are plunged into grief.

Metropolis tells the story of carefree elite which populate the skyscrapers of a futuristic city. These fortunate sons and daughters fritter their time and energy away on idle pursuits and trivial pleasures, much as we moderns anesthetize ourselves with “reality TV,” computer games, and the like. However, beneath the great city a vast underclass toils incessantly to provide the energy that powers the great Metropolis. The lives of these underground dwellers are so bleak that they plan a revolt, which ultimately threatens to destroy the all of Metropolis. In the end, disaster is averted, but only because masses that built Metropolis and the elites that planned it are forced to work together.

Today, the gap between the haves and the have-nots has widened to alarming proportions. The lessons of Metropolis (and history) suggest that such economic imbalances are inherently unstable. Put simply, economic injustice inevitably entails forms of oppression. Jon Anderson’s song, Cage of Freedom, zeroes in on a subtle form of oppression, namely the totalitarian potential of technology.

In Metropolis, the elites use video surveillance to track and subvert to workers. Director Fritz Lang was a visionary, but not even he could have imagined all the computer gizmos and gadgets that can be used today to track our every move. The lyrics of Cage of Freedom hone in how we are so often complicit in Orwellian forms and structures that govern our lives. Anderson sings, for example:

To make it safer we double the guard
Cage of freedom
There’s no escaping
We fabricated this world on our own.

There's no exit, there's no entrance
Remember how we swallowed the key?
Cage of freedom, that's our prison
We fabricated this world on our own.

Smart phones, I-Pads, and computers supposedly liberate us, but they can also be used to track our every move and devour our privacy. We love our personal data assistants and it can be hard to imagine life without them, but it also true that they ensnare us in many ways too. In fact, we hardly notice the subtle ways these devices can contribute to an Orwellian environment.

The final lines in Cage of Freedom highlight how constant and pervasive surveillance, designed to keep us safe, has the potential to turn the public square into a prison:

Big brother
Is there a bigger one watching you
Or is there one smaller
Who I should be watching too
Infinite circles of
Snakes eating their own tails
For every one chasing
Another is on the trail
Is that a friend
Can you tell, is he on your side?
'Cause I spy with my little eye
Yet another spy...

Metropolis and Jon Anderson’s Cage of Freedom examine the potentially sinister and dystopian aspects of technology. Cage of Freedom does not appear on any of Jon’s solo albums, so it is often overlooked, but I believe fans of Jon’s work will want to check it out. Both the song and the film are as pertinent as ever. For those who are interested, I explore this theme in greater length in my book “Yes and Philosophy” available in Amazon’s Kindle store.

Jon Anderson -- Survival and Other Stories - Review

Jon Anderson’s voice has been a beacon of light for more than 40 years. As the mystical singer of Yes, Jon helped define progressive rock in 1970s, creating some of the most ambitious and timeless musical works of his generation. In the 1980s, Anderson paired up with the Greek keyboard wizard Vangelis, a collaboration that resulted in hauntingly beautiful extended works like The Friends of Mr. Cairo and Horizons. And in the 1990s, Jon teamed up with the New-Age composer Kitaro to create the exquisite and inspiring music found on the album Dreams.

In the new millennium Anderson continued to work with Yes until life-threatening health issues led to his involuntary departure from the group he put his heart and soul into. The circumstances surrounding Jon’s rift with the band are unfortunate. However, true to form Jon has responded to the challenges life thrust upon him with personal and musical dignity. I saw Jon Anderson in concert in Ridgefield CT in 2010 and can personally attest that his unique musical gifts (and sense of humor) are well intact. Jon is still in very good voice and his music and stage presence are as enchanting as ever.

Jon is best experienced in small venues, which allow for an intimate setting and a real rapport with the audience. Recording technology is amazing, but no CD or recording can truly capture the magic of hearing Jon live. Nevertheless, his new album, Survival and Other Stories does what good music should do; namely, it creates a bond with its listeners.

Jon’s music on Survival and Other Stories is both highly personal and deeply felt. Unbroken Spirit touches on Jon’s health crisis and his struggle to maintain his spirit in the face of bodily decline. This is not the kind of fare you’d expect from a rock singer, but this gentle, almost whimsical song is suffused with a melodic grace that is touching and inspiring.

Jon is in remarkably good voice throughout this record, which is a wonder considering his health issues. Nevertheless, one can’t help but notice a certain frailty and vulnerability in his sound. If anything, I think this works to the music’s advantage because I believe age has extended the emotional range in Jon’s voice. Paradoxically, Jon may sound more emotionally exposed, but he is also more inspiring than ever.

There is a wealth of great melodies on this album. Love and Understanding, for example, is as uplifting and melodically exuberant as anything Jon Anderson has ever done. The music here is just full of an irrepressible soul-nourishing joy. Just One Man, on the other hand, is an achingly beautiful song that expresses Jon’s belief that hope can triumph over mankind’s tragic condition.

If I were to use just one word to describe the music on the album it would be “organic.” The songs here are wholesome, refreshing, and soul-nourishing. Jon’s spirit is shining as brightly as ever on his new album. This is music that will warm your heart and touch your soul.